Grooming

This refers to actions or behaviours intended to create an emotional bond with a vulnerable individual – typically someone under the legal age of consent – with the aim of lowering their inhibitions for the purpose of sexual exploitation. Normally, initial contact occurs through online interaction before progressing to in-person meetings and is the preparatory stage of child sexual abuse. This specific attention leads a child to believe they have a significant and unique relationship with the individual aiming to harm them. Due to the unnatural and morally inappropriate nature of this relationship, confusion arises as to what is acceptable, especially as these activities are conducted in secrecy outside the knowledge of the child's parents or guardians. Initial innocent touching can gradually escalate into accidental sexual contact. If grooming persists, the victim may start to internalize the abuse as their fault, resulting in mental health issues such as depression and suicidal ideation.

Identifying grooming behaviour before sexual abuse has occurred can be difficult, as perpetrators often exhibit seemingly genuine caring actions. Maintaining consistent, open, and transparent communication between adults and children within the family context is crucial. Additionally, it is important to monitor the behaviour of individuals with whom vulnerable young people interact.